The limitation of legal effect of “Juridical Act” of DCFR with reference to the limitation of “Civil Transaction” of VCC

The comment of Article II. - 1: 101 DCFR says about Juridical act: “It covers not only contracts but also many other acts which are intended to have legal effect – including offers, acceptances, unilateral promises or undertakings intended to be binding without acceptance; unilateral grants of authority to act as a representative; unilateral grants of consent or permission; unilateral acts of ratification or approval; unilateral acts of withdrawal, revocation, avoidance or termination; and unilateral acts granting, transferring or waiving rights. ” According to this comment, Juridical act can have a lot of legal effect respectively to variety of fields and covers all aspects of civil law. Article 116 (2015 – VCC) defines a civil transaction as “A civil transaction is a contract or a unilateral legal act which gives rise to, changes, or terminate civil rights and/or obligations. ” Article 116 (2015 -VCC) mentions about three legal effects of Civil Transaction, which gives rise to, changes, terminate, with the purpose to cover every side of civil law. Comparing these two articles, DCFR tend to have a much obvious point of view of legal effect than VCC. It is a shortage of VCC to discuss definition of civil transaction – a general provision used for a civil law code, with only three legal effects. On the contrary, the provisions of obligation, and relevant provisions discuss many legal consequences than the stated legal effects.