Characteristics of Persian garden as a blue-green system

The Persian garden as one of the best patterns of landscaping with a glorious history is the result of the interaction of the Iranian human with nature(HeydarNattaj. Vahid 2010). In this structure “significance of human being for the environment” and “environment capabilities” both are valid and the garden paradigm out of an individual mind is created as a whole (Sheybani. Mehdi 2017). In the Iranians' use of the components required in the construction of the garden, there was a hierarchy that caused each object and each component to be used in its place and the functional quality of the component to be considered in its place. In fact, after selecting the components in the direction related to the ultimate goal or perfection, the location and position of each component must be specified. Hierarchy is the selection of a particular way of communication between elements that are in the direction of perfection and in the main path and direction(Pourmand. Hasan Ali 2011). In the beliefs of Iranians, material creations by Ahuramazda have an order which is as follows: "From the material creation of the first heaven, other water, other earth, four plants"(Dadegi 1991) 41. Iranian gardens create an oasis in the heart of arid nature by combining "running water" and "tree cover", which is an allegory of the freshness of paradise due to the contrast between the desert environment and the garden(Wilber 1940). Donald Wilber wrote in his “Persian Gardens and Garden Pavilions” that the most important reasons for considering the Persian garden as “paradisian sites” are their rich water systems and luxuriant vegetation in an environment characterized by extremely hot weather and arid deserts in Iran(Fekete Albert 2015). Persian gardens were generally formed in areas with the specific characteristics of the geographic bed which helps boost the agriculture and horticulture(Khalilnezhad Seyyed Mohammad Reza 2016)6, and they were be looked as a resources of building the self-sufficient society (Naghizadeh, 2013). the wise attitudes into economic utilization of water, land and labor, have provided the socio-economic context of planning and designing the fruitful greenery in historical gardens. (Khalilnezhad Seyyed Mohammad Reza 2016). its public usefulness as a promenade has been considered (Motedayyen, 2009), even the political aspects of gardening and horticulture ensured the provision of productive landscape as a recreational facility which could promote the qualities of the garden(Khalilnezhad Seyyed Mohammad Reza 2016). 7